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Film mak ing "
 * Filmmaking ** (or in an academic context, ** film production ** ) is the process of making a [|film] . Filmmaking involves a number of discrete stages including an initial [|story], [|idea] , or commission, through [|scriptwriting] , [|casting] , shooting, [|sound recording and reproduction] , [|editing] , and [|screening] the finished product before an [|audience] that may result in a [|film release] and exhibition. Filmmaking takes place in many places around the world in a range of [|economic] , [|social] , and [|political] contexts, and using a variety of technologies and [|cinematic techniques] . Typically, it involves a large number of people, and can take from a few months to several years to complete."

=** Essential Question **=

How are industrial revolutions both beneficial and detrimental to American Society?

They are beneficial because it advances us as a society. It helps create more jobs and better care with technology. Because of advancement more people have survived in the hospital than there would have been way long ago. More people now have jobs that involve technology. Yet they are detrimental because it can cause people to become lazy. People may never get a life or job because they have such an obsession with technology. People stay on the computer, phone, watching tv, or playing video games; day in and day out. If they do this it will get them nowhere in life.



__The Movie Camera__

"Cameras are light-tight boxes that admit controlled light only through a lens, creating a series of individual frames as film is moved into place behind the lens. The film is held steady during exposure, and then advanced. Conceptually, motion picture cameras haven’t changed for more than a century."

Some critical points: • "Film must be accurately placed, perfectly flat, and remain stationary during exposure for even, focused exposure to occur." • "The timing and accuracy of the aperture must be precise, especially for synchronous sound filmmaking. Even when sound isn’t used, any variation in camera speed will aJect exposure." • "The camera’s moving parts must transport the film at virtually any speed required for the cinematographer’s desired eJect, without damaging the film"



__Depth of Field__ "Depth of field is the area between the closest and farthest points from the camera that are in acceptable focus. When the focus is set at a given distance, there is a range in front of and behind that distance which remains in focus. The cinematographer must understand how to calculate the depth of field for a given shot, and how to expand and shrink that depth of field, as necessary. Film systems provide control over depth of field. The naturally shallow depth of field can be easily manipulated to create the look you want. Depth of field is used as a creative tool. In many scenes, there is so much depth of field for the viewer, that it is sometimes diKcult to isolate where the audience should be looking. By using depth of field to control the image, you can isolate the character from the background."

There are several ways to determine depth of field: • "Depth of field tables." • "Manual calculators, which allow the user to approximate a depth of field by lining up the parameters on a type of slide rule." • "Computer software can calculate depth of field." • “Smart lens” devices on some newer cameras show the depth of field directly on a small display mounted next to the lens" media type="youtube" key="cACyIcXsMsI" width="560" height="315"

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__//WWW.Brontesfilmeditingblog.blogspot.com//__ //__** Film editing **__// is part of the creative [|post-production] process of [|filmmaking]. The term film editing is derived from the traditional process of working with [|film], but now it increasingly involves the use of digital technology.



//__ Film editing technology [ [|edit] ] __//
Before the widespread use of [|non-linear editing systems], the initial editing of all films was done with a positive copy of the film negative called a film [|workprint] (cuttin g copy in UK) by physically cutting and pasting together pieces of film. Strips of footage would be hand cut and attached together with tape and then later in time, glue. Editors were very precise, if they made a wrong cut or needed a fresh positive print, it cost them money for the lab to reprint the footage and push the editing process back farther. With the invention of a splicer and threading machine with a viewer such as a [|Moviola] , or [|"flatbed" machine]  such as a K.-E.-M. or [|Steenbeck] , the editing process sped up a little bit and cut came out cleaner and more precise. Early films were short films that were one long, static, and locked-down shot. Motion in the shot was all that was necessary to amuse an audi ence, so the first films simply showed activity such as traffic moving on a city street. There was no story and no editing. Each film ran as long as there was film in the camera. www.https://digitalfilms.wordpress.com www.themattwest.wordpress.com

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Special Effects

George Melies .'' He invented special effects by accident. Blood is a very hard thing to work with, you have to get the timing and color right to make it look real''.

The illusions or tricks of the eye used in the [|film], [|television] , [|theatre] , [|video game] , and [|simulator] industries to simulate the imagined events in a [|story] or [|virtual w][|o][|rld]. Since the 1990s, [|computer generated imagery] (CGI) has come to the forefront of special effects technologies.



It gives filmmakers greater control, and allows many effects to be accomplished more safely and convincingly and—as technology improves—at lower costs. As a result, many optical and mechanical effects techniques have been superseded by CGI ditionally called ** spec ****ial effects ** (often abbreviated as **SFX **, **SPFX ** , or simply **FX ** ).

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